Spark-arrester



(No Model.) 38heets-Sheet 1. Y

T. THORNTON.

SPARK ARRESTBR.

No. 332,628. 7 Patented Dec. 15, 1885..

lT/VESSES (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. THOR NTON. SPARK ARRE STER- No.'332.628. Patented Dec. 15, 1885;

MIN MU (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3. T. THORNTON.

SPARK ARRBSTER No. 332,628. Patented Dec. 15, 1885.

WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS THORNTON, OF TIDIOUTE, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPARK-ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 332,628, dated December 15, 1885.

I Application filed August 22, 1885. Serial No. 175,096. (No model.)

, such as will enable other skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

This invention has relation to that class known as spark arresters and extinguishers, and has for its object to arrest the sparks in the uptake or stack and extinguish them on their passage to the open atmosphere, and to alsoincrease the draft in the furnace, whereby green or wet fuel may be used, and also doing away with the necessity oftransporting a long stack, which is difficult to set up as well as very expensive to transport. I utilize for producing the draft the exhaust-steam, which heretofore in portable engineshas been partially wasted.

To this end my invention consists in locating in the stack a rotary wheel having vanes arranged somewhat on the plan andzangle of apropeller, said vanes being mounted on a hollow shaft which extends and is in communication with a series of small steam-nozzles, which causes the escaping steam from said nozzles to impinge against the inclined sides of the propeller-vanes and cause them to rotate rapidly, and while in motion the sparks and cinders in escaping up the stack come in violent contact with said vanes and are whirled and kept in a state of agitation until they are ground to fine dust, and are then subjected to either a bath of saturated steam or water, either from an injector or from the waterspace of the boiler, by which they are extinguished.

It also consists of other features of construction which will be hereinafter more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims. In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of land or portable engine, showing the stack or uptake in section, also the connecting or communicating pipes; Fig. 2, a sectional elevation-of the stack upon an enlarged scale; Fig. 3, an elevation of the framevanes, hollow shaft, nozzles, and extinguishing-cup,which by itself without the top shown in Fig. 2 will give good results; and Fig. 4, an end view of that shown in Fig. 3.

lwill now proceed to describe my invention in detail, in which A shows the boiler, Bthe engine, and O the uptake or stack. D is the frame-work in which the spark-arrester works, and is composed of two annular skeleton wheels, a b, which are held together by stud-bolts c. This frame-work may be readily put together or taken apart for shipment or transportation. These stud bolts perform two functionsi. 6., tie-bolts and disintegrating-surfaces. against which the sparks and cinders are violently thrown. When the frame is put together it is cylindrical in shape. The upper surface of the lower hub forms a bearing for the hollow shaft E, into which the exhaust-escape pipe F enters. This exhaustpipe F extends slightly above the lower hub, d,'and fits into the lower end of the hollow shaft E,and holds said shaft in position. The bore of the hub d is flaring from the bottom, so that when the stack is tipped over it will not disturb the end of the exhaust-pipe F. The hub d has also formed on its upper surface projections f, which serve as a stay or guard for the end of the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft E may be made of pipe, which will answer all purposes and be at the same time very cheap.

The bore of the shaft F is contracted at its upper end in such manner as to make a steambearing, so that when the apparatus is in full operation the pressure of steam against said surface is nearly sufficient to bear the weight of the rotary wheel and shaft. Another object of contracting the shaft at the top is to cause the steam to discharge through the nozzles with greater force. Should the shaft and nozzle be of the same size, the force of the steam would not produce the desired effect, although the end of the pipe might be entirely stopped and only sufficient steam admitted to drive the vanes of the wheel. The oil or lubricant passing off with the exhaust from the engine will be ample to lubricate the journal-bearings without further expense or trouble. Theshaft is provided witha small fly or balance wheel,

- or brackets to a hub, or collar, H, which are also secured to the hollow shaft by any suit able means. The upperend of shaft E is provided with perforations for the escape of the saturated steam or water for lubricating the E, which is continued above the cylinder-cage D, but of smaller diameter, I locate a cup or chamber, I. perforated on all its sides with,

which is sprayed out through the perforations;

and extinguishes any live sparks that might, escape. the extinguisher below.

This device, as far as I have described, will in operationv give splendid results, but for, some kindsjof fuel it might not be sufficient; and in order to provide for any contingency, and make the stack applicable to all kindsoffuel, I arrange in the hood or cap a supple; mental arrester and extinguisher, whereby the apparatus is made perfect; hence, Whenit is, desiredto useall the features of my inventionin one,stack,l extend the shaftEfrom the base of the stack to its upper extremity, andallof the features hereinbefore described, and, add above the rotary chamber J, into which leads a pipe, K, and an exit-pipe, L. The pipe K supplies astream or water-jet into th' cham ber. J and forces out the. sparks, cinders, or other, resultant mixture caused bythe smoke, ground sparks, and cinders out throughthe pipe L to any convenient place'of deposit. The chamber J also receives the water which drips from the cup I. Around the. upper v portion of the shaft E, and between the cha n berJ and cup I, I locate a sleeve, M, which prevents any foreign substan ce ,such as,spark;s,, cinders, or the like,from getting into the journal of the wheel formed in the upperhub Further,upon the shaft E, I arrange a series; of

spray-pipes, 2', having dow nwardly bent ends r eazl w c v threw p ys of wetsteam e i he m e-P rm d; etw en the inner tapering receptacle andithe pendent.

y n rie f -p at Abo e help ee, iis; another series, j, having. upturned,ends, whiehservetocreatea draft upward,- and also serve toextinguish any possibly escap: n Jiv-eeperke m e o he ependi ylint zi e v xi p de wi h mQkQ: escapeholes mandan inner cylindrical valve, n, to register with said escape-holes, so that when it i i si to hav a, dir ct raftthe. valve and holes. are opened. This is essential when the fires in the furnace or firebox; refirs h e t w hespe kr rr eter usual-appliances.

sinfufl motien the valve. n s, lQse o that he me seiemade di eed 'P P.$

N, where it is subjected to a final extinguishing-shower of steam or water. The valve n may be opened or closed by means of a-suitable lever, 0;

7 Between the steam-dome, the engine, and

the stack, I locate an apparatus for injecting the exhaust-steam, Water, and live steam, which will be seen by referring to Fig. 1, on which the supply and exhaust steam pipes are shown. journalsin theupperhub. On thesameshaft 0 is the engine-cylinder, provided with the i is the live-steam and P the exhaust pipe.

R is the exhaust-injector, an s-heated; between it and he,e haustrpipeofthe engin agraduated. va ve, 8., which, when, desi ntr sz hev me of heusttei he ett phere n hr ugh th exh ustinjee er-Be s; oceasi n may. qui e. and eee iug= e he;, emo ntef draft.requi edran heki da fr neh used. The. es tting-va ve-v an, bQ J Q;- Qj throw all the exhaustone way O1'=the. 0thpI:3- Q I}; 0', ny p ti n t-. he-e haus e ni eteri ase aes eam :nezz nn ng. rough t, wast c rry-,Q -t e xhaus s fast; s. t leaylesa he, exhaust-port of the engine, relieving the en; gine of any back-pressure, and really assisting: 9 5 the engine by causing a partial vacuum ,one the x austi de mpi ton. Anothe Qbiee .et 7 usingv a live-steam jet is to operate-thee; ui h r. w enth ngine s atr st, x'mea inden'ensl t veeemn zl s 12,; pe ate h o y e e: h a ftl pthe sine. staek f mednd. t e fi e a ele ated T is he v r team p pe, whi h, upn ie' he e h uetni ten R ndthe ivezeteemi lernv ese branch s nipe a e centre-lied; by-. suitable valves. I

s ubr e t gtup f mwhi hthesteeie. fili rfiu hfi o e jour elin, th up ak hee -isueh e ee eery, s ti eldlthatthe. haustteem a s s f icie t lubrieastfen hi .rrrpesef mth e ine-c f ele-j we rpipe whi h may e eaneeti nlwithhe njeetert e atilratethe. teamvhe -l t et e I dry: -wh ni tib eeieee uperheated s I.i eeerniperwhieht ll onv y. eithe enfete he perkrer estenaslerge ape" he xheteteteemee may: e e erte meetsefthe,cont ell ngal eSu h at rtbe requ r dnt e p exti an, tlmeyv e-e ilveyed rom he wil ie.-by;

means fi h ;r peZ hrot hp ner Erem-i h eb r e r tien it .i eet etahtha the p rati vwill ereed ly ils erst with injector, will form the subject-matter for a separate application, which will be filed simultaneously herewith, serial number of which is 175,095.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 4 1. The combination, with the smoke-stack, of a rotating disintegrating-wheel provided with propeller. blades or vanes curved as described, a central hollow stack adapted to rotate, and steam nozzles for propelling said wheels by causing the steam to impinge against said vanes, as set forth.

2. The combination, with a smoke-stack, of a spark arrester and extinguisher, the latter consisting of a cylindrical cage having wheels at each end, the hubs of which form journals,

, and a hollow shaf t adapted to rotate, said shaft having curved vanes, and steam-nozzles for throwing the steam against said vanes for rotating the shaft, for the purpose set forth.

3. A hollow shaft contracted at its end and carrying spark arresting and disintegrating wheels, and steam-j et nozzles arranged to cause the steam to impinge against the curved vanes of said wheel for rotating it, in combination with a smoke-stack, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with a smoke-stack jointed to tilt near its base, a spark arrester and extinguisher composed of a cylindrical cage having hubs which form journals, and a hollow shaft into which an exhaust-pipe enters, the lower hub of said cage having a flaring entrance to permit its tilting without disturbing the exhaust-pipe, in the manner shown and described.

5. A smoke-stack having a spark arrester and extinguisher rotating on a hollow shaft, in combination with a perforated cup forming a supplemental extinguisher and a spark and cinder arrester, the latter having discharge-pipes, as described.

6. The combination, with a smoke-stack having arresting, extinguishing, and disintegrating devices, of a dead spark and cinder receptacle, and a supplemental rotating extinguishing device arranged in the cap or hood of said stack, and a dependent valved escapecylinder, all operating together substantially as described.

7. As an attachment for smoke-stacks, a spark arrester, extinguisher, and disintegrator constructed and arranged to rotate within a stack, in combination with a supplemental extinguisher and a down-jet to draw the cinders downward in their passage, and an upjet to draw them upward to their exit, substantially as shown.

8. In a smokestack forlocomotives and portable engines, the combination of the main spark-arrester having vanes and nozzles for rotation, a fly or balance wheel, and a supplemental sparkextinguisher, and means for creating an upper draft therein, and with supply and exit pipes, all arranged for joint operation substantially as herein shown and described.

9. The combination, in a smoke-stack, of a spark-extinguisher having a hollow shaft, the bore of which is of unequal diameter, and adapted to carry disintegrating-wheels and extinguishers, the said hollow shafts having also communicating steam nozzles, as described, and a stationary live-steam nozzle secured in the stationary portion of the stack, all arranged to operate substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS THORNTON. Witn esses:

O. E. DUFFY, F. R. HARDING. 

